Microsoft SQL Server is not officially supported on Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS at this time. According to the search results, the current officially supported versions for SQL Server on Linux are Ubuntu 20.04 and 22.04 LTS.
I found a response in Microsoft forum. But one of the commands given in the response failed for me. Following are the steps worked for the installation.
Install MSSQL Server 2022 on Ubuntu 24.04
curl -fsSL https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/microsoft-prod.gpg
curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.asc
curl -fsSL https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/22.04/mssql-server-2022.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-server-2022.list
Need to download & install libldap-2.5
curl -OL http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openldap/libldap-2.5-0_2.5.18+dfsg-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libldap-2.5-0_2.5.18+dfsg-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb
Install MS SQL Server
sudo apt-get install -y mssql-server
Configure MS SQL installation
sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup
Post installation steps
systemctl status mssql-server --no-pager
sudo ufw allow 1433/tcp
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status