JVM essentials for Elasticsearch: Metrics, memory, and monitoring

This article explains the essential role of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) in managing memory and garbage collection to prevent critical issues like `OutOfMemoryError` in Elasticsearch. It details the mechanics of the JVM heap, specifically how objects move through young and old generations, and highlights the efficiency of the G1 Garbage Collector in minimizing pause times. Ultimately, the guide recommends maintaining default JVM settings and utilizing Elasticsearch APIs to monitor memory metrics and node health.